Theorem 11.1.1 (Containers for triangle-free graphs). For every $\varepsilon > 0$, there is a constant $C > 0$ such that for every $n$ there is a family $\mathcal{C}$ of graphs on $[n]$ with:
- $|\mathcal{C}| \leq n^{C n^{3/2}}$;
- every $G \in \mathcal{C}$ has at most $(1/4 + \varepsilon) n^2$ edges;
- every triangle-free graph on $[n]$ is contained in some $G \in \mathcal{C}$.