Documentation

Atlas.IntroductionToPartialDifferentialEquations.code.CM2.Duhamel

def Duhamel.euclidNormSq {n : } (x : Fin n) :

The squared Euclidean norm $|x|^2 = \sum_{i=1}^n (x^i)^2$ for $x \in \mathbb{R}^n$.

Instances For
    noncomputable def Duhamel.heatKernel {n : } (D t : ) (x : Fin n) :

    The heat kernel (fundamental solution) on $\mathbb{R}^n$: $\Gamma_D(t, x) = \frac{1}{(4 \pi D t)^{n/2}} \exp\!\left(-\frac{|x|^2}{4 D t}\right)$.

    Instances For
      noncomputable def Duhamel.laplacian {n : } (f : (Fin n)) (x : Fin n) :

      The spatial Laplacian $\Delta f(x) = \sum_{i=1}^n \partial_i^2 f(x)$.

      Instances For
        noncomputable def Duhamel.heatOperator {n : } (D : ) (u : (Fin n)) (t : ) (x : Fin n) :

        The heat operator $\partial_t u - D \Delta u$ applied to $u$ at $(t, x)$.

        Instances For
          noncomputable def Duhamel.spatialConvolution {n : } (f g : (Fin n)) (x : Fin n) :

          Spatial convolution $(f * g)(x) = \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} f(x - y) g(y)\, d^n y$.

          Instances For
            noncomputable def Duhamel.duhamelSolution {n : } (D : ) (g : (Fin n)) (f : (Fin n)) (t : ) (x : Fin n) :

            Duhamel's formula: the candidate solution to the inhomogeneous heat equation $u_t - D \Delta u = f$ with initial data $g$ is $u(t, x) = (\Gamma_D(t, \cdot) * g)(x) + \int_0^t (\Gamma_D(t - s, \cdot) * f(s, \cdot))(x)\, ds$.

            Instances For
              theorem Duhamel.theorem_1_2_duhamel {n : } (D : ) (hD : D > 0) (g : (Fin n)) (hg_cont : Continuous g) {a : } (ha : 0 < a) {b : } (hb : 0 < b) (hg_bound : ∀ (x : Fin n), |g x| a * Real.exp (b * euclidNormSq x)) (f : (Fin n)) (hf_cont : Continuous fun (p : × (Fin n)) => f p.1 p.2) (hf_bdd : ∃ (M : ), ∀ (t : ) (x : Fin n), 0 tt < 1 / (4 * D * b) → |f t x| M) (hf_deriv_bdd : ∀ (i : Fin n), ∃ (M : ), ∀ (t : ) (x : Fin n), 0 tt < 1 / (4 * D * b) → (fderiv (f t) x) (Pi.single i 1) M) (hf_deriv2_bdd : ∀ (i j : Fin n), ∃ (M : ), ∀ (t : ) (x : Fin n), 0 tt < 1 / (4 * D * b) → (fderiv (fun (y : Fin n) => (fderiv (f t) y) (Pi.single i 1)) x) (Pi.single j 1) M) :
              ∃ (u : (Fin n)), (∀ (t : ) (x : Fin n), 0 < tt < 1 / (4 * D * b) → u t x = duhamelSolution D g f t x) (∀ (t : ) (x : Fin n), 0 < tt < 1 / (4 * D * b) → heatOperator D u t x = f t x) (∀ (x : Fin n), Filter.Tendsto (fun (t : ) => u t x) (nhdsWithin 0 (Set.Ioi 0)) (nhds (g x))) ContinuousOn (fun (p : × (Fin n)) => u p.1 p.2) (Set.Ico 0 (1 / (4 * D * b)) ×ˢ Set.univ) (∀ (x : Fin n), ContDiffOn 1 (fun (t : ) => u t x) (Set.Ioo 0 (1 / (4 * D * b)))) (∀ tSet.Ioo 0 (1 / (4 * D * b)), ContDiff 2 (u t)) ∀ (v : (Fin n)), (∀ (t : ) (x : Fin n), 0 < tt < 1 / (4 * D * b) → heatOperator D v t x = f t x)(∀ (x : Fin n), Filter.Tendsto (fun (t : ) => v t x) (nhdsWithin 0 (Set.Ioi 0)) (nhds (g x)))(∃ (A : ) (B : ), 0 < A 0 < B ∀ (t : ) (x : Fin n), 0 tt < 1 / (4 * D * b) → |v t x| A * Real.exp (B * euclidNormSq x))∀ (t : ) (x : Fin n), 0 < tt < 1 / (4 * D * b) → v t x = u t x

              Duhamel's principle (Theorem 1.2): for continuous initial data $g$ satisfying $|g(x)| \leq a\,e^{b|x|^2}$ and a continuous, bounded forcing $f$ with bounded first and second spatial derivatives, the inhomogeneous heat equation $u_t - D \Delta u = f$, $u(0, x) = g(x)$ has a unique solution $u \in C([0, T) \times \mathbb{R}^n) \cap C^{1,2}((0, T) \times \mathbb{R}^n)$ on $[0, T) \times \mathbb{R}^n$ with $T = \tfrac{1}{4 D b}$, given on $(0, T)$ by the Duhamel formula.